Catira, also known as cateretê, is a traditional dance that has been a part of Brazilian culture since the colonial era. It involves two rows of dancers who perform synchronized hand claps and strong foot stomping, creating a rhythmic sound that echoes like an ancient tale. This dance is not just entertainment; it serves as a living memory of the caipira culture in the countryside of Brazil. The beat and steps of catira encapsulate a rich historical narrative and cultural significance.

The origins of catira are deeply rooted in Brazil's pluricultural heritage, primarily descending from indigenous practices. According to anthropologist and historian Túlio Fernando, although catira is primarily identified with caipira culture, it predominantly has indigenous roots. The dance was practiced among indigenous peoples with various rhythms and movements before Jesuits adapted it for catechization purposes. The Portuguese introduced the viola, which helped shape the distinctive structure we recognize today, comprising synchronized rows of dancers, rhythmic clapping, marked footwork, and accompanying songs.

Despite its standardized form, catira’s rhythm and steps can vary by region, reflecting local traditions and influences. The dance thrives as an expression of cultural heritage, bringing communities together through its vibrant performances and embodying a blend of influences that tell the story of Brazil's diverse cultural tapestry. As such, it plays a vital role in preserving and promoting the identity of caipira culture, and continues to be celebrated in various festivals and gatherings throughout the countryside.