The Maria da Penha Law, a pivotal piece of legislation in Brazil aimed at combating violence against women, will reach its 20-year milestone in 2026. Since its establishment in August 2006, the law has been revised 18 times by the National Congress, significantly expanding the protective measures available to victims, as well as increasing penalties for aggressors and introducing new preventive tools. These legislative amendments reflect an ongoing effort to enhance the legal framework geared towards the protection of women in situations of domestic and family violence.

Despite the advancements brought about by the law's amendments, experts have raised concerns regarding the focus of the system, which predominantly leans towards punitive measures rather than preventative strategies. This has resulted in noted gaps in the structural support provided to victims, indicating that while the law has made great strides, there remains a critical need for comprehensive preventive mechanisms that address the root causes of domestic violence. Advocates argue that a more holistic approach that integrates prevention, support, and education is essential for effectively combating violence against women in Brazil.

Key changes to the law include a 2018 amendment that categorized the violation of protective measures as a crime, filling a legal gap where no specific offense existed for those disregarding court protection orders. Additionally, a 2019 modification empowered police officers to issue emergency protective measures, allowing for quicker responses in urgent situations. These reforms illustrate a legislative commitment to adapting responses to domestic violence, but the emphasis on enforcement creates an ongoing dialogue about the necessity for greater prevention and support initiatives for victims.