Despite achieving high scores in international assessments like the PISA tests, Estonian students encounter difficulties when applying mathematical concepts to solve real-world issues. This finding is highlighted in a doctoral thesis by Hardi Sigus from Tallinn University, which indicates that while students excel in technical calculations, they demonstrate a significant gap in practical application. The thesis argues that the core of the problem lies not in the students' computational abilities, but rather in their understanding of the relevance and application of mathematics.

Sigus explains that mathematics is often taught as a purely technical skill in schools, focusing on formulas and standard solutions. This approach leads to a situation where students may excel in theoretical assessments, yet struggle with practical tasks that require mathematical reasoning. In real-life scenarios, when students are tasked with solving practical problems that necessitate the use of math, many find themselves overwhelmed due to a lack of experience and contextual understanding.

The implications of this research are significant for education policy and curriculum design in Estonia. To address the gap, there is a need for an educational shift towards integrating real-world applications into math learning. This could enhance not only students' problem-solving capabilities but also their overall engagement and interest in mathematics as a subject that holds relevance beyond textbooks.