Martin Herem outlines the significant aerial threats facing Estonia, drawing parallels with Ukraine's experiences during the ongoing conflict. He identifies glide bombs and long-range attack drones as the primary dangers, suggesting that these threats require a reevaluation of Estonia's current defense strategies to effectively counter potential aerial assaults.

He notes that the situation in Ukraine provides a framework for understanding the kinds of air strikes Estonia might face, highlighting the importance of adapting current tactical defenses based on trends observed in the war. Statistically analyzing Ukraine's aerial attacks enables a deeper understanding of the capabilities and threats posed by modern weaponry, which includes categorizing strikes into four main types: ballistic missiles, cruise missiles, long-range attack drones, and glide bombs.

Furthermore, Herem stresses the necessity of preparing for a broader scale of aerial threats than previously anticipated, as existing estimates may underestimate the magnitude of the challenges that Estonia could encounter. By learning from the Ukrainian context, Estonia can develop a more robust air defense system to mitigate these threats, thereby enhancing national security in a rapidly evolving military landscape.