The article provides an overview of glaucoma, focusing particularly on primary open-angle glaucoma, which affects approximately 4-5% of the population. The disease tends to develop more frequently in individuals over the age of 60, though it can also present itself in those as young as 40. A significant risk factor is heredity, meaning those with a family history of glaucoma should be particularly vigilant. In its early stages, glaucoma often presents no visible symptoms, and many patients may seek medical attention only after significant vision loss occurs in one eye.

Glaucoma is often referred to as the 'silent thief of sight' due to its gradual nature of onset. It is crucial for individuals to be aware that the decline in vision may go unnoticed for a long time. The necessity for comprehensive eye examinations is highlighted, as only an ophthalmologist can effectively diagnose glaucoma by assessing both intraocular pressure and the state of the optic nerve. However, due to the insidious onset of symptoms, many individuals do not pursue screening until it's too late, a situation that underscores the importance of proactive health measures.

Medical professionals recommend that anyone over 45 years old regularly visit an eye doctor for check-ups, even in the absence of symptoms. This aligns with the growing trend of glaucoma being diagnosed at younger ages, prompting advocacy for increased awareness and preventive screenings. The insights from Kristīne Baum, an ophthalmologist at the Eastern Hospital’s Ophthalmology Clinic, emphasize the pressing need for early detection to mitigate the risks associated with this often hidden and serious condition.