In a significant policy shift, Croatia is reintroducing mandatory military service, a system that had been abolished 18 years ago. The decision, announced by Defense Minister Ivan Anusic, is attributed primarily to the ongoing war in Ukraine and the perceived threat from Russian aggression. Anusic noted that the geopolitical situation in the region has become far less stable, prompting the need for increased military preparedness in Croatia and its neighboring areas.

Anusic highlighted the ongoing aggression from Russia in Ukraine as well as the involvement of Russia's allies in various operations throughout Europe. The reimplementation of military conscription marks a substantial change in Croatia's defense posture, emphasizing a proactive approach to national security amidst rising tensions in Eastern Europe. This move indicates the urgency with which the Croatian government views the regional security landscape and its implications for future defense strategies.

Under the new policy, mandatory military service will apply only to men, with women being exempt from conscription. This aspect of the law reflects traditional defense structures in many countries, though it also raises discussions about gender roles in military service and national defense. As Croatia adapts to the evolving security challenges in Europe, the reinstatement of conscription highlights a broader trend among European nations reconsidering their defense policies in light of new threats from adversarial states.