São Paulo councilman Lucas Pavanato (PL) has presented Bill 149/2026 to the Municipal Chamber, proposing the elimination of racial quotas in public competitions and replacing them with socially-based quotas. This legislation would revoke current laws that offer reserved positions for black candidates and instead allocate 20% of positions to individuals in economic vulnerability. The proposal stems from Pavanato's belief that transforming affirmative action from a racial to a socioeconomic framework 'improves' the system of affirmative action.

To qualify for these new social quotas, candidates must meet three requirements: a family income per capita of up to 1.5 minimum wages, registration with CadÚnico for the 24 months prior to the public notice, and have completed all primary and secondary education in public schools or as a full scholarship student. The proposed changes stipulate that the quota system applies only in competitions with three or more vacancies and that beneficiaries will compete simultaneously for general vacancies. Additionally, the bill clarifies that announcements already published will not be impacted by this new legislation.

Pavanato's justification for this change highlights his view that poverty should be the determining factor for access to opportunities, rather than race. This shift in criteria raises significant discussions about the implications for racial equity and representation in public services, as the new focus on economic status may overlook the historical disparities faced by marginalized racial groups in Brazil. As debates surrounding affirmative action continue, this bill reflects a broader conversation on equity and inclusiveness in public policy.