This article discusses the war in Ukraine, which began with Russia's unprovoked invasion on February 24, 2022. Initially, the Kremlin aimed to capture Kyiv within three days, but strong Ukrainian resistance thwarted those plans. Following significant setbacks, Russian forces retreated from the Kyiv region but continued their offensive in other areas. The Ukrainian army regained control over parts of Kharkiv and Kherson regions in the fall of 2022, raising hopes of defeating the adversary.

However, the summer 2023 Ukrainian counteroffensive faced challenges, attributed to inadequate weapon supplies from Western allies and the formidable defense established by Russian forces, including extensive minefields. In August 2024, Ukraine launched an incursion into Russia's Kursk region, marking the first time in nearly 80 years that foreign troops have occupied a part of Russian territory since World War II. This development highlights the significant escalation of the conflict and the shifting dynamics on the battlefield.

Since fall 2024, Russia has involved a large portion of its military in its operations against Ukraine, suggesting a long-term commitment to the conflict. The article not only outlines the military strategies and territorial changes but also emphasizes the ongoing humanitarian crisis and the resilience of the Ukrainian people amidst the turmoil.