On February 24, 2022, Russia initiated a brutal invasion of Ukraine, marking the most significant violation of European sovereignty since World War II. As this conflict reaches its fourth anniversary, it has disrupted numerous misconceptions, particularly the belief that Ukraine would be too weak and disorganized to withstand such an assault. This invasion, driven by the unilateral decision of Russian autocrat Vladimir Putin, revealed both the tenacity of the Ukrainian defense and the vulnerabilities of the purportedly invincible Russian military.

Research by the Royal United Services Institute (RUSI) highlights that the initial expectations of the Kremlin's 'Special Military Operation' underestimated Ukraine's resolve and capacity for defense. Over the years, not only has Ukraine managed to endure and adapt in the face of continuous aggression, but it has also garnered substantial international support, which has helped bolster its defense efforts. The persistent resistance from Ukraine has reshaped the narrative around the conflict, demonstrating that the country's military capabilities were misjudged.

As the war enters its fifth year, the implications of this conflict extend beyond the battlefield. Not only does it affect regional stability in Eastern Europe, but it has also led to significant shifts in international relations, as countries reassess their policies towards Russia and Ukraine. The protracted nature of this war raises concerns about a prolonged conflict affecting global food security, economic stability, and the geopolitical landscape, making the resolution of this situation more complex than initially anticipated.