In a recent development, a second case of highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) H5 has been confirmed in poultry in Lobos, Buenos Aires Province, according to the National Service of Agrifood Health and Quality (Senasa). This confirmation followed the analysis of samples collected from a breeding establishment producing heavy parent stock. In response to this alarming situation, Senasa outlined the activation of contingency measures to contain the spread of the virus and ensure biosecurity in affected areas. Furthermore, the consequences of this outbreak have extended beyond the borders of Argentina, as Paraguay has initiated the closure of markets to prevent the potential introduction of the virus into its poultry industry. This preventative action highlights the region's interconnected agricultural sectors and the heightened vigilance required to combat such infectious diseases. Additionally, the swift response by authorities suggests a commitment to managing the outbreak effectively while safeguarding public and animal health in the surrounding areas. This incident marks the second confirmed case of HPAI in Buenos Aires Province, following another case in Ranchos. Such occurrences raise significant concerns about the potential economic fallout for the local poultry industry and the broader implications for trade relations given Paraguay's decision to close its markets. Continuous monitoring and rapid response initiatives will be crucial for mitigating the impacts of this outbreak, especially as outbreaks of avian influenza can have cascading effects throughout the agricultural sector and food supply chains across borders.