In recent years, the situation for Cuban migrants seeking to leave their country has become increasingly dire, particularly with the tightening of U.S. immigration policies under former President Donald Trump. As a result, many Cubans have turned to coyotes, or human smugglers, for illegal passage to Brazil, which has emerged as a more accessible escape route. Reports indicate that organized networks are facilitating this migration through irregular travel agencies that offer packages from Havana to Brazilian cities, such as Boa Vista, for significant fees.

The statistics highlight a dramatic shift in migration patterns, with nearly 42,000 Cubans seeking asylum in Brazil in 2025—double the number from the previous year and a stark increase compared to a decade ago. This influx of Cuban refugees has positioned them as the largest group of asylum seekers in Brazil, overtaking Venezuelans. The situation reflects broader geopolitical changes and the challenges many individuals face in their pursuit of safety and economic opportunities away from their home country.

Furthermore, the reliance on coyotes not only illustrates the desperation of these migrants but also raises concerns regarding their safety and well-being during the journey. The illegal nature of these migrations often exposes individuals to additional risks, including exploitation and abuse by smugglers. The current trend marks a significant challenge for both Brazilian authorities and the international community in dealing with the implications of this migration crisis, as states work to balance humanitarian responsibilities with immigration control.