In the article, historian Rudolf Barišić delves into the intricate discussions surrounding national identity and religion within the context of Bosnian Croats and Bosniaks. He emphasizes the historical significance of these debates in Bosnian historiography, providing insights into how identity has been shaped and contested over time. Barišić, who is associated with the Croatian Institute of History, draws attention to the lack of systematic research on the identity of Bosnian Croats, which has often been overshadowed by the broader national narratives associated with Bosnia and Herzegovina.

Barišić critiques the current historiographical landscape, pointing out that there are scant studies that focus specifically on the identity of Bosnian Croats, highlighting works by authors like Ivan Lovrenović and historian Srećko Matko Džaja. He argues that the historiography has tended to overlook the distinct identity of Bosnian Croats and has veered away from approaches that acknowledge their unique historical and cultural context. This gap in research reflects a larger issue within the academic community's understanding of Bosnian identity as it intersects with Croatian identity.

The implications of Barišić's arguments extend beyond mere academic inquiry, touching upon the political and cultural dimensions of identity in Bosnia and Herzegovina. By advocating for a more nuanced understanding of Bosnian Croats, he calls for a re-evaluation of their historical narratives, which could contribute to a more inclusive discourse on national identity in a region marked by complex ethnic relations and historical grievances.