In Estonia, telecom operators use filters to identify and block spoofing scam calls, but they do not manage to catch all such calls. Effective prevention of these calls necessitates participation from all operators, including smaller ones, in a unified system. A nationwide obligation similar to that in Finland, together with a centralized solution, could significantly reduce the volume of scam calls in Estonia.

One of the main confounding factors for Estonian citizens regarding scam calls is that these calls do not always originate from unknown foreign numbers; they often appear to be from normal Estonian phone numbers. This raises valid concerns about why such numbers are not simply blocked. When a call displays as an Estonian number but is actually coming from abroad, it does not automatically pass through the telecom network. According to Mai Kraft, the head of information security at Elisa, operators have the ability to check whether the number being displayed truly resides where it claims to.

The concept of spoofing comes into play here, which means that the caller can display a false number to the victim. For instance, a scammer may show their call as coming from a legitimate Estonian number, creating an illusion of authenticity. Ongoing discussions and potential regulatory changes might be necessary to develop a more robust framework to tackle this issue effectively and protect consumers from falling victim to such scams.