Researchers from Columbia University Irving Medical Center analyzed data from the U.S. death certificate system covering 2018–2023. They included all cases of death of women who were pregnant or within 42 days after pregnancy termination, which follows the World Health Organization's (WHO) definition of "maternal death." During this period, women’s bodies undergo significant changes as they return to their pre-pregnancy state, which can lead to complications such as postpartum hemorrhage, infections, and exacerbation of cardiovascular diseases.

A total of 7,901 maternal deaths were recorded in the analyzed period. The leading cause was accidental drug overdose, accounting for 1,152 cases, equating to 5.2 deaths per 100,000 live births. This staggering statistic shines a light on the opioid crisis affecting many sectors of American society, including pregnant women. Following drug overdoses, violence, comprising both homicides and suicides, ranked second with a total of 866 deaths or 3.9 per 100,000 births, signaling deep-rooted societal issues contributing to maternal mortality.

These findings indicate a significant public health concern and call for immediate intervention. The surprising prevalence of drug-related deaths among pregnant women highlights the need for better access to mental health resources and substance abuse treatment options for expectant mothers. Furthermore, the concerning rates of violence against women during and after pregnancy suggest a growing need for supportive policies and protective measures to ensure their safety and well-being during this vulnerable time.