The National Health Surveillance Agency (Anvisa) in Brazil has officially approved an expansion of the indications for the HPV vaccine Gardasil 9, allowing its use not only for preventing cervical cancer but also for preventing cancers of the oropharynx, head, and neck. This decision, publicized on Tuesday, October 10, signifies a critical step in addressing the rising incidence of tumors linked to HPV infections, particularly among young adults. The vaccine is now recommended for both boys and girls aged between 9 and 45 years.

Previously, Gardasil 9 was restricted to preventing cervical, vulvar, vaginal, and anal cancers, along with pre-cancerous lesions and genital warts caused by the virus. The addition of oropharyngeal cancers reflects a growing concern over HPV-related health issues, particularly as cases of these cancers have reportedly increased due to the virus. This new indication underscores the importance of HPV vaccination in broader public health strategies aimed at reducing cancer risks in the population.

This new directive not only broadens the eligibility for vaccination but also highlights the significant public health challenge posed by HPV, particularly in light of the increased prevalence of oropharyngeal cancers due to changes in sexual behaviors over recent years. By extending the indication for Gardasil 9, Anvisa aims to enhance preventive measures against HPV-related cancers and improve health outcomes, especially for young people who are often the most affected by these types of tumors.