The Superior Court of Justice (STJ) in Brazil is the federal court responsible for standardizing the interpretation of federal legislation across the country. The court is currently facing an institutional crisis following accusations of harassment against Minister Marco Buzzi, who was temporarily suspended from his position. The STJ plays a crucial role in resolving civil and criminal disputes that fall outside the jurisdiction of labor, military, or electoral courts.

The court consists of 33 ministers who are appointed by the President of Brazil from a list of candidates prepared by the court itself. According to the Constitution, the candidates must be Brazilian citizens aged between 35 and 70, possess notable legal expertise, and have an impeccable reputation. Additionally, the Senate must approve the President's selections, ensuring a level of oversight in the appointment process.

The composition of the STJ is designed to ensure representation from various legal backgrounds, with one-third of the positions reserved for judges from the Federal Regional Courts, another third for appellate judges from the state courts, and the final portion for attorneys and members of the Public Ministry. This structure aims to uphold a diversified judicial perspective while maintaining the integrity and functionality of Brazil's legal system, especially during challenging periods such as the current one.