The horse parapoxvirus was first identified in Finland in 2021, where it led to outbreaks of severe skin inflammation, commonly referred to as 'mugg' or 'rasp', in several stables. Recent DNA analysis conducted by the Swedish National Veterinary Institute has confirmed that Swedish cases are indeed caused by the same virus. Officials are cautious, noting that the virus has not yet established a significant foothold in Sweden, as historical samples from around 80 horses with skin issues did not show any evidence of the virus.

Gittan Gröndahl, a state veterinarian, has stated that the mode of transmission for the virus includes direct contact between horses, as well as transmission via equipment, clothing, and other objects. As a precaution, affected horses should be isolated to prevent further spread. Gröndahl reassures that the current risk of widespread transmission is assessed to be low, but vigilance is necessary. Signs of infection, such as blisters or typical round sores on horses, should prompt immediate viral testing to confirm any possible infections.

Importantly, the virus is not limited to horses; it also poses a risk of transmission to humans, complicating the public health implications of this equine disease. Continued monitoring and analysis will be crucial as the situation unfolds, particularly with respect to potential outbreaks and public awareness.