The Brazilian Supreme Court (STF) has enacted a decision suspending the presidential decree that recognized the demarcation of Uirapuru Indigenous Land, specifically affecting the Santa Carolina Farm in Mato Grosso. This ruling was made in response to landowners' claims that their property rights and due process were violated. The decision was reached by Minister André Mendonça and highlights ongoing tensions between indigenous land rights and private property ownership in Brazil.

Uirapuru Indigenous Land spans approximately 21,700 hectares across the municipalities of Campos de Júlio, Nova Lacerda, and Conquista D’Oeste. Landowners argued that they had legally acquired the property through an auction in 1994, and have registered their ownership through eight records at the local Registry of Deeds in Comodoro. The decision to suspend the demarcation raises questions about legal protections for indigenous lands and the implications for future land rights discussions in the country.

This suspension not only affects the Uirapuru territory but has broader implications for the established mechanisms of land demarcation in Brazil, which often face legal challenges from private landowners. The case underscores a critical intersection of indigenous rights, property laws, and government policies, which continue to evolve amid the complexities of land use and ownership in Brazil, especially in the context of the Amazon rainforest and indigenous territories.