On March 22 and 23, Italians will participate in a referendum concerning judicial reform that proposes a clear separation of careers for judges and public prosecutors. This referendum has become a polarizing issue, with the left opposing the reform while the right supports it. Many political observers believe that the outcome of this referendum will serve as a crucial test of Prime Minister Giorgia Meloni's popularity, especially given the contention surrounding the reform's implications for the balance of power within the Italian state.

The core of the reform is the establishment of a strict separation between judicial and prosecutorial roles, fundamentally redefining the dynamics of the Italian judiciary. While the reform has already passed in Parliament, it falls short of the two-thirds majority required for final approval according to the Italian Constitution, which necessitated the referendum. Should the 'yes' option prevail in the referendum, the reform will be enacted even without a turnout threshold, thus potentially reshaping the landscape of Italian law and order.

This referendum also underscores an ongoing struggle between Prime Minister Meloni and leftist judges over issues such as illegal immigration. The separation of powers aimed at in this reform could significantly alter how justice is administered in Italy and test the government’s influence over the judiciary. With a divided political landscape, the results could have far-reaching implications for Meloni and her administration's handling of judicial matters in the future.