Researchers are investigating the lives of centenarians in Sardinia, particularly in the mountainous regions of Nuoro and Ogliastra. An iconic moment in their research came from 101-year-old Raffaela Monne, who could not comprehend the concept of stress, illustrating the stark contrast between modern life and the simpler, more connected existence of Sardinian shepherds and farmers, who relate to time through seasons rather than minutes. The study has shifted the focus on aging and longevity from urban, modern settings to rural, traditional lifestyles.

The study's origins trace back to a 1999 international conference in France, where Sardinian researcher Gianni Pes presented findings on the remarkable concentration of centenarians in certain parts of Sardinia. His claims were initially met with skepticism from experts, yet further research has corroborated his observations. This has led to raising questions about the impact of lifestyle, community, and environment on longevity, encouraging further inquiry into what makes these individuals thrive well into their hundredth year.

In Sardinia, the family structure plays a crucial role in the health and wellbeing of the elderly. The centenarians often live in close proximity to their families, which helps maintain their mental and emotional health. They engage in daily activities and work, staying physically active, which is believed to contribute to their longevity. This underscores the significant influence of cultural practices, social bonds, and active living on health outcomes among aging populations, providing valuable insights for understanding aging in different contexts.