The Moment When the Comet Breaks Captured by the Hubble Telescope
Astronomers captured the moment a comet fragmented into several pieces using the Hubble Space Telescope.
Astronomers using the Hubble Space Telescope unexpectedly observed the moment when the comet C/2025 K1 (Atlas) broke into several pieces. This event was reported in the international journal Icarus after a series of observations conducted from November 8 to 10, following the comet's close passage to the Sun in early October 2022. Comet fragmentation is not an uncommon phenomenon, but capturing the exact moment it begins is rare, making this observation particularly significant. The K1 comet, which was initially discovered in May 2022 by the NASA-supported ATLAS (Asteroid Terrestrial-impact Last Alert System) telescope, measured about 8 kilometers in length before its disintegration. Scientists believe this comet originated from the Oort Cloud, a region of icy bodies beyond Neptune, and is either a periodic or long-period comet that takes over 200 years to orbit the Sun. It passed closest to the Sun at a distance of 50 million kilometers, which is closer than Mercury's distance to the Sun, making it susceptible to the Sun's intense gravitational and thermal forces that may have contributed to its disruption. The moment Hubble captured the fragmentation was just days after the comet had reached its perihelion, and the research team initially intended to observe a different comet that was closer to the Sun. However, a setback in adjusting the Hubble's camera led them to shift to observing K1, coinciding perfectly with the comet's disintegration. This fortunate turn of events allows researchers to gain insights into the internal structure of a disintegrating comet, providing valuable data about its composition and behavior during such events.