On March 13, 1976, hundreds of people gathered in the Canillas neighborhood of Madrid to protest against the poor condition of the roads, famously criticizing the "200 potholes per mile". This protest held historical significance as it was the first authorized demonstration in Madrid following the death of dictator Francisco Franco. Despite the oppressive political climate, the event was organized by a group of housewives with the support of a local lawyer and cartoonist, illustrating a burgeoning spirit of civil engagement that would play a crucial role in the coming transition to democracy in Spain.

Marta Hidalgo, a communist activist who organized the protest, reflected on the atmosphere of fear and oppression that characterized the era, noting that the initial encounter with government officials was fraught with intimidation. The authorities' response to this peaceful demonstration was cautiously favorable, hinting at their recognition of the shifting political landscape. The absence of violence during the event was a notable achievement, as many expected potential repercussions given the current dictatorship.

This event is remembered not only for its immediate impact on the local community but also for its symbolic role in Spain's democratic transition. It demonstrated the power of collective action in a repressive environment and set a precedent for future protests, as the population began to assert their rights and demand democratic reforms. The legacy of the Canillas protest continues to resonate in discussions of social justice and civil rights in contemporary Spain.