Human Rights Watch has accused the Israel Defense Forces (IDF) of illegally employing white phosphorus munitions during an attack on residential areas in southern Lebanon last week. The organization reported that the incident occurred on Wednesday in the village of Yohmor, located northwest of Metula, shortly after the IDF had called for all residents in southern Lebanon to evacuate north of the Litani River. They stated that their conclusion was based on seven photographs and geolocation data, however, they noted that they could not confirm whether residents were present during the attack or if there were casualties as a result.

White phosphorus is a chemical that ignites upon contact with oxygen and can reach extreme temperatures. Its adherence to skin can lead to severe burns, life-threatening damage to internal organs, and respiratory injuries. While it may be used in warfare to create smoke screens over large areas, its use can violate international law when deployed in civilian areas. The IDF has previously claimed that it uses white phosphorus for smokescreen purposes and not to target civilians. As for the incident in Yohmor, the IDF has not issued a response.

The allegations came amidst the ongoing conflict that ignited between Israel and Hezbollah following the October 7, 2023 attack, with Human Rights Watch and other rights organizations increasingly scrutinizing the conduct of military operations in civilian-populated regions. This incident raises significant concerns regarding adherence to international humanitarian law and the protection of civilians in conflict zones, highlighting an urgent need for accountability and investigation into such allegations of potential war crimes.