In the wake of a joint US-Israel attack on Iran, tensions in the Middle East are rising sharply. Following the reported death of Iran's Supreme Leader Ayatollah Ali Khamenei during the attacks, Iran has retaliated by launching missile attacks on Middle Eastern countries that are allies of the US and host American military bases. This retaliation marks just one aspect of the conflict, as the situation is becoming increasingly dire and extends beyond mere military confrontations. A crucial element of this unfolding conflict involves various armed militia groups that, aligned ideologically with Iran or directly supported by it, are actively targeting Israeli and American installations. Among these are four significant militia groups operating from regions including Gaza, Iraq, Yemen, and Lebanon. Each of these groups plays a pivotal role in this broader confrontation, using their respective territories as launch points for their assaults against perceived enemies. Specifically, Hamas in Gaza has a longstanding history of conflict with Israel, engaging in rocket attacks and armed incursions. This, along with the actions of the other militia groups, demonstrates the complexity of the conflict which is not solely military but also deeply entrenched in regional dynamics and allegiances that have significant implications for future peace and stability in the region.