Kalevala Day, celebrated on February 28 in Finland, honors the publication of the 'Kalevala,' a Finnish national epic compiled by physician and philologist Eliass Lenrüt. This important literary work brings together ancient Finnish folk songs and oral traditions to form a cohesive narrative that represents Finnish culture and heritage. The first edition was officially published in 1835, establishing a date for the celebration that continues today.

The 'Kalevala' reflects the spirit and struggles of the Finnish people in the 19th century, especially in the context of Finnish autonomy within the Russian Empire. At that time, Finland was mostly sparsely populated outside of the southern regions, with vast areas of forests, swamps, and lakes. The epic not only serves as a cultural treasure but also as a symbol of national identity, fostering pride among Finns in their linguistic and historical heritage during a time of political uncertainty.

Today, Kalevala Day serves as a reminder of the importance of cultural preservation and pride. The celebrations often include readings of the epic, musical performances, and educational programs aimed at younger generations to instill an appreciation for Finnish folklore. Ultimately, Kalevala Day continues to reinforce the value of cultural identity, echoing the sentiments expressed in the verses of the epic itself.