Feb 28 • 04:00 UTC 🇶🇦 Qatar Al Jazeera

11 Ramadan: Redrawing the Maps from Khorasan to the Walls of Damascus

The article discusses the historical significance of the 11th of Ramadan, marked by the birth of the Abbasid state, and its implications for power dynamics in early Islamic history.

The 11th of Ramadan is highlighted in the historical record as a strategic turning point that witnessed the birth of states and the collapse of empires. This date is not just a moment in time; it reflects a culmination of political and military developments that reached their peak on this day. The call by Abu Muslim al-Khurasani capitalized on the feeling of marginalization experienced by the mawali (non-Arab Muslims) and the tribal conflicts between the Yemeni and Qais factions within the Umayyad household.

The Abbasids chose Khorasan due to its geographical distance from the center of power in Damascus and its fertile ground for opposition. On the night of the 11th of Ramadan in 129 AH (747 CE), black flags were raised, symbolizing mourning for the martyrs of the Ahl al-Bayt, marking the commencement of a revolution that positioned itself as a just alternative to the perceived tyranny of the Umayyads. What started as a complicated secret organization transformed into an organized army that swept through the eastern provinces, reaching Iraq.

The article also emphasizes the Battle of the Bridge—referred to as the day of "a'shar"—which was a battle of life or death for the continuation of the Islamic conquests in Iraq following the disaster at the Battle of the Bridge where thousands of Muslims perished under the elephants of the Persians. The ambition of the Persians was to eradicate the Arab presence entirely, but this dynamic changed following significant victories that paved the way for the Abbasid ascendance, restructuring the political landscape of the region.

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