The article examines the intricate relationship between environmental protection and economic freedom, which is recognized as one of the most complex issues in contemporary public law in Poland. It highlights that entrepreneurship not only serves as a foundation for a socially-oriented market economy, enshrined in the constitution, but is also pivotal for the country's development. Simultaneously, the article addresses the natural environment as a shared good, underscoring the obligation of public authorities and individuals to protect it. These two fundamental values often conflict, requiring careful balancing between private interests, represented by business activities, and public interests pertaining to environmental sustainability.

At the constitutional level, the framework governing the economic system in Poland is built upon the principle of a socially-oriented market economy, which entails the freedom of economic activity. This freedom permits individuals to start, conduct, and cease economic activities freely while adhering to market competition principles. The Constitution also recognizes that while economic freedom is vital for entrepreneurship and development, it must coexist with responsibilities towards the environment that the state and individuals share. This presents a duality where the constitution both protects economic initiatives and imposes limitations necessary for environmental conservation.

Ultimately, the article emphasizes the need for a nuanced approach to policy-making that reconciles economic growth with environmental sustainability. It calls for a deeper consideration of how laws and regulations can facilitate entrepreneurial endeavors without compromising the integrity of the natural environment. This balance is vital for ensuring future generations can enjoy a sustainable ecosystem alongside a thriving economy, hence highlighting the importance of public debate on the legal frameworks governing both realms.