Ethiopia has embarked on the construction of its first significant coal plant, which commenced on February 18. The facility, operated by the Ethiopian-Saudi company Midroc, aims to produce over 1.2 million tons of coal each year. This project has raised concerns due to Ethiopia's strong commitment to renewable energy as a means of sustainable development and energy independence for its population of 130 million.

The Ethiopian government is betting on fossil fuels, such as coal, to achieve energy independence and reduce reliance on imports. This approach is critical for the country's economic strategy; however, it poses a significant contradiction to the government's ecological commitments, which emphasize the promotion of green energy sources. Coal, identified as the most polluting fossil fuel due to its high CO₂ emissions, directly challenges Ethiopia's broader environmental objectives.

While Ethiopia is recognized as one of Africa's leaders in renewable energy generation, primarily through hydroelectric, wind, and geothermal power, the construction of a coal plant highlights a delicate balance between economic needs and environmental responsibilities. The government's priority appears to lean towards short-term economic benefits, potentially at the cost of long-term ecological integrity, raising questions about the sustainability of such energy policies amidst global climate concerns.