Argentina ranks as the third most populous country in South America and fifth in the Americas, with a total population of 46.2 million, according to the National Institute of Statistics and Census (INDEC). Buenos Aires, the capital, is not the largest city by territory but is the most populous with over 3.1 million residents, and it forms part of the Greater Buenos Aires area, one of the world's most densely populated urban regions with more than 15 million people. The country's diverse geography, culture, and economy significantly affect population distribution.

Córdoba, referred to as 'La Docta' for its historical educational legacy, emerges as the largest city in Argentina in terms of land area, covering 576 square kilometers, while the City of Buenos Aires encompasses 203.3 square kilometers. This distinction highlights the difference in how cities are perceived and ranked; while Buenos Aires leads in population, Córdoba's extensive territory reveals its significance in the urban landscape of Argentina. The study of these cities enhances our understanding of urban development patterns in the country.

Exploring the dynamics between these two major cities not only reflects the demographic trends within Argentina but also underscores the historical, cultural, and economic factors that shape the nation. As cities like Córdoba continue to grow, their role in the educational sector and their contributions to the national economy will likely expand, prompting discussions on urban planning, infrastructure investment, and population management across Argentina.