Spanish citizenship, according to current legislation, is not an irrevocable right and can be lost under several circumstances. One primary reason is when a Spanish citizen residing abroad voluntarily acquires another nationality. In such cases, if they do not express their intention to retain their Spanish citizenship within three years, they may lose it. However, significant exceptions apply to citizens acquiring the nationality of certain countries like those in Ibero-America, Andorra, the Philippines, Equatorial Guinea, or Portugal, where losing Spanish citizenship is not automatic.

Moreover, the legislation differentiates between individuals who are Spanish by origin and those who have acquired Spanish nationality through naturalization or residency. For individuals who have naturalized, there are additional legal obligations that must be upheld, and failing to meet these obligations can also lead to the loss of citizenship. This disparity emphasizes the varying conditions under which Spanish citizenship can be forfeited depending on an individual’s nationality acquisition path.

Overall, the issues surrounding the loss of Spanish citizenship highlight the complexities of nationality laws and the intricacies involved for individuals living abroad. As globalization increases and individuals navigate multiple citizenships, understanding these laws becomes increasingly vital for maintaining one's rights and status as a citizen.