Hong Kong has adopted an innovative strategy that involves reusing significant quantities of rock excavated from tunnel construction to create new neighborhoods and essential infrastructure. This initiative addresses the challenge of limited land availability in the city by transforming what would normally be considered waste into valuable resources. The approach requires careful planning, logistics, and stringent quality control of the materials used in the reclamation process, showcasing a model of sustainable urban development.

One of the most notable projects arising from this strategy is the construction of the international airport at Chek Lap Kok, which was inaugurated in 1998. The airport was built through a combination of land excavation and land reclamation from the sea, demonstrating the effective use of material that would otherwise contribute to landfill saturation. This not only optimized resources but also facilitated the generation of new urban space needed for a growing population.

The article highlights the initial challenge presented by excavation – the enormous volumes of rock generated by the development of tunnels, subways, and underground roads. Disposing of this material can significantly raise construction costs and lead to increased waste in landfills. Thus, for a densely populated city like Hong Kong, managing excavated material strategically is crucial. This perspective shifts the perception of rock from being a burden to being a resource that can support urban expansion amid space constraints.