The concept of bioextraction, or the use of microorganisms to recover useful resources, is being actively explored, particularly its application in space. Researchers have investigated how different microbes can extract platinum group elements from meteorites while in microgravity aboard the International Space Station (ISS). The BioAsteroid project employed bacteria Sphingomonas desiccabilis and fungi Penicillium simplicissimum to assess which chemical elements could potentially be retrieved from asteroid materials known as L-chondrites. These asteroid materials were brought to Earth in the form of meteorites.

These microbes emerge as promising tools in resource extraction, primarily because they produce carboxylic acids—carbon-based molecules that can bond with minerals and facilitate their separation. Such advancements in microbial mining could redefine the possibilities for resource utilization in space, particularly for future missions where carrying resources might not be feasible. Comparisons between the mineral extraction procedures conducted on the ISS and those performed in Earth laboratories highlight the challenges and opportunities of space biology.

As interest grows in space exploration and potential colonization, the application of bioextraction methods could significantly reduce the logistical burdens associated with bringing metals and minerals from Earth. This innovative intersection of biology and space technology not only promotes sustainability in extraterrestrial activities but also opens new doors for advancing our understanding of microbial abilities in extreme environments.