The Polish government, under Prime Minister Donald Tusk's directive, has tasked an institute, headed by Bartosz Gondek, with a comprehensive investigation into historical Russian crimes. This initiative highlights Poland's efforts to address its historical grievances, particularly those stemming from the Soviet era, which lasted more than four decades. The investigation aims to be far broader than the previous assessments regarding Nazi atrocities, indicating the complexities and depth of the historical context within which Poland is operating.

Tensions with Moscow are escalating as Poland accuses Vladimir Putin of intensifying hybrid warfare, particularly in light of incidents like the incursion of Russian drones into Polish airspace last September. This has sparked fears that seeking compensation for historical injustices could provoke further reprisals from Russia. Critics may view Poland's moves as provocations, further complicating the already strained relationship between the two nations.

Gondek has stated that it is still too early to determine if the compensation sought could exceed the demands made from Germany in 2022. He noted the challenges faced by his team of about ten Polish historians and researchers, who are confronting more obstacles than anticipated in estimating the total claims against Russia. The endeavor has been labeled a 'long-term project,' suggesting that it aims to unravel complex historical narratives rather than yielding immediate political results.