A recent scientific expedition has unveiled seven new caves in the Serra dos Cocais region, located between the municipalities of Itatiba, Valinhos, Vinhedo, and Louveira in São Paulo state. This discovery, finalized at the end of 2025, is expected to provide new avenues for research on the local fauna and the geological history of the area. The caves are particularly interesting due to the isolated catfish and unique formations found within them.

Conducted by the Group of Geo Speleology (GGEO), formed by students from the Institute of Geosciences at USP, in collaboration with the Serra dos Cocais Institute (ISC), the expedition expanded upon the group's previous work of exploring and mapping granite caves in Valinhos. The team emphasized the importance of not only identifying these caves but also understanding their ecological significance, as they function as natural reservoirs, facilitating water infiltration and storage, which are essential for maintaining environmental balance.

The researchers underscore that these geological formations play a critical role in sustaining local ecosystems. The fissures and cavities within the caves support the preservation of moisture, contributing to the flourishing of dense forests in the region. This research highlights the need for further studies and protection of such areas to ensure the continuation of these crucial environmental functions.