In Southeast Asia, the escalating conflict between humans and wildlife has prompted Indonesia and Thailand to take contrasting approaches to managing elephants that venture out of their natural habitats into agricultural areas. Indonesia has constructed dozens of kilometers of low-voltage electric fences to deter elephants, while Thailand is experimenting with a birth control vaccine meant to control wild elephant populations. This divergence in methods exemplifies the challenges both countries face in ensuring the safety of both their human populations and vulnerable wildlife species. In the Aceh province of Indonesia, the newly constructed electric fence stretches nearly 80 kilometers through remote areas, impacting six villages. The fence is designed to mitigate the growing encounters between the endangered Sumatran elephants and local farmers, who often find their crops destroyed by the animals searching for food. This situation has instilled fear among local residents and raised concerns about the long-term survival of both the elephants and the agricultural community. The Aceh region is part of the "Loser Ecosystem," one of the last remaining habitats for critically endangered Sumatran elephants and tigers. Efforts like the implementation of electric fences aim to protect agricultural interests while also considering the conservation of the species. Similarly, Thailand's initiative to test a birth control vaccine for elephants is seen as a long-term solution to stabilize wild populations and reduce human-elephant conflicts, highlighting the need for innovative strategies as the interfaces between human settlements and wildlife continue to overlap.