As Europe heads towards 2026, it confronts a complicated and often contradictory energy landscape, particularly regarding nuclear energy which has traditionally been a cornerstone of its energy policy. Over the past two years, a notable shift has occurred in the perspectives of several countries, including Germany, Austria, Luxembourg, and Denmark, which had previously taken a strong anti-nuclear stance. With calls for complete nuclear phase-outs and declarations of nuclear technology being outdated, these nations pushed against classifying nuclear energy as 'green'.

However, the energy crisis which unfolded in 2022-2023 resulted in skyrocketing electricity prices, supply insecurity, and the shock of expensive natural gas, compelling various governments to reassess their positions. Consequently, public discourse around nuclear energy has become more cautious, with absolute positions softening as technical explanations surrounding energy pricing have emerged to navigate politically challenging discussions. Although social acceptance remains slow, the changing circumstances are fostering a gradual shift in attitudes towards nuclear energy.

Currently, Europe operates approximately 100 nuclear reactors, many of which are in need of upgrades. France continues to be a nuclear powerhouse, producing more than half of its electricity from nuclear sources, emphasizing the region's reliance on nuclear power amidst the evolving dynamics of global energy competition. As European nations grapple with the need to balance renewable energy development alongside nuclear resurgence, this intricate energy narrative will likely shape the future of their energy policies and strategic approaches in global markets.