The article discusses the historical extermination of Iberian wolves in Spain, emphasizing that their disappearance from vast regions is a result of human actions rather than natural causes. Notably, the killing of 100 wolves in Asturias and Cantabria is cited as emblematic of rural populism that dismisses scientific understanding and ethics surrounding wildlife conservation. The author traces the wolves' decline throughout the 20th century, noting their extinction in regions such as southeast Spain and Catalonia, and the implications of these losses on biodiversity and ecological balance.

The author reflects on the recent recolonization efforts in Catalonia, where Italian subspecies wolves have returned after nearly a century, highlighting the complexities of reintroducing species into ecosystems where they have been absent for so long. The article also touches on the unique genetic traits and ecological significance of the southern Iberian wolves, hinting at their role in maintaining the integrity of their habitats. This historical context serves as a stark reminder of the valuable contributions of apex predators to ecological health, which are often overlooked in populist narratives.

Ultimately, the piece warns that ignoring the importance of wolves could lead to poorer ecological outcomes, emphasizing the need for a more informed and ethical approach towards wildlife management and conservation. The call is made for society to recognize that living without wolves may lead to adverse consequences, highlighting the intricate balance that such predators maintain in their ecosystems.