Anna Bayerová was born into a modest family in 1853 and showed early promise in her education. Despite societal expectations that often sidelined women's ambitions, she pursued her studies rigorously and achieved excellent results at the gymnasium level as a private student. Her determination set her apart during a time when women's roles were largely confined to domestic spheres.

Her relationships with prominent figures in the Czech intellectual community, such as Eliška Krásnohorská and Vojta Náprstek, fueled Bayerová's aspirations to further her education. Yet, she faced numerous obstacles in her pursuit of a medical career that reflected broader societal challenges against women's independence and professional aspirations during the late 19th century. Bayerová's dedication to her studies and her quest for acceptance in a healing profession illustrated both the progress and the limitations faced by women in the era.

Ultimately, Bayerová's life story serves as a poignant reminder of the struggles faced by women in their fight for recognition and agency within fields traditionally dominated by men. Her perseverance foreshadowed future advances in women's rights and education, with her legacy influencing those who followed in her footsteps on the path to greater equality.