Investigators from the Police Office of Documentation and Investigation of Crimes of Communism (ÚDV) have stated that Josef Urválek, a communist prosecutor, consciously and actively participated in the illegal sentencing and subsequent execution of Milada Horáková and three others in 1950. Urválek's involvement was deemed to be indirect, highlighting the systemic injustices of that era. Although Urválek has passed away and cannot be prosecuted, this acknowledgment of his criminal responsibility is significant for both historical and legal justice.

Urválek served as representing the prosecution in the main trial against the so-called Directorate of the Czechoslovak Resistance, which was a politically motivated trial against 13 defendants falsely accused of conspiracy to undermine the state. The trial culminated in harsh sentences, with Horáková, historian Záviš Kalandra, businessman Oldřich Pecl, and former police officer Jan Buchal receiving the death penalty. Four others were sentenced to life in prison, and the remaining defendants received long-term prison sentences, reflecting the harsh political atmosphere of the time.

The recent findings from the investigations not only serve to uncover the injustices that occurred during the communist era but also contribute to a larger discourse on accountability and the need for historical reckoning. By attributing blame to figures like Urválek, the investigation sheds light on the roles individuals played in perpetuating political repression, thereby emphasizing the need for understanding and acknowledging past atrocities in order to pave the way for justice and reconciliation in contemporary society.