Bangladesh will conduct its fourth major referendum on February 12, 2026, in conjunction with general elections. The focus of this referendum will be whether the public supports the implementation of the 'July Charter', which proposes 47 significant amendments to the constitution. The context is crucial, as three previous referendums have taken place in Bangladesh, each reflecting the prevailing political dynamics and consolidation of power during their respective times.

The first referendum occurred on May 30, 1977, under President Ziaur Rahman, where the public was asked if they trusted him in political and policy decisions. A staggering 88% of the populace participated, with 98.88% voting in favor. The second referendum on March 21, 1985, was led by President Hossain Mohammad Ershad, asking if the public supported his policies until a civilian government could be formed through elections. Again, the referendum highlighted the political maneuvering by military regimes to legitimize their rule by overwhelming majorities.

These historical referendums raise questions about the upcoming vote on the 'July Charter'. Critics argue that the results may be predetermined by the current power dynamics and could push a political agenda rather than genuinely reflect public sentiment. The implications of these referendums are profound as they not only influence the legal structure of Bangladesh but also shape the broader political landscape, determining how power is acquired and maintained in the nation.