In 1134, the troops of Novgorod, under the command of Prince Vsevolod, conducted a raid on the fortress of Tartu, marking a significant historical event in the region. Vsevolod, who later became known as the patron saint of Pskov, was a ruler of Pskov, Novgorod, and Pereslavl. The raid, taking place on February 9, was characterized by its primary purpose of plundering, as noted by historians who analyzed Russian chronicles, indicating that the troops did not plan to stay in the area for long.

This event is part of a broader context of military actions in the region during the medieval period, which saw frequent raids and conflicts between different powers vying for control and dominance. February 9 is also marked by several other historical events in Estonia, such as the commencement of a nationwide census in 1897, the beginning of elections for the Estonian Constituent Assembly in 1918, and various significant political changes through the decades, including international treaties and social movements.

The historical significance of the Novgorod raid on Tartu extends beyond mere plunder; it plays a role in shaping the identity and historical narrative of Estonia. The various events that occurred on February 9 throughout the years highlight the dynamic political landscape of Estonia and its interactions with neighboring powers, which are crucial to understanding the formation of the Estonian state and its history of resilience against external threats.